the Mayaro virus was classified (from
http://cienciahoje.uol.com.br/noticias/2013/08/na-trilha-do-mayaro)
[Text reproduced from http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayaro_virus_disease]
Mayaro virus disease is a mosquitoborne zoonotic pathogen endemic to certain humidforests of tropical South America. Infection with Mayaro virus causes an acute, self-limiteddengue-like illness of 3–5 days' duration.[1] The causative virus, abbreviated MAYV, is in the family Togaviridae, and genus Alphavirus. It is closely related to other alphavirusesthat produce a dengue-like illness accompanied by long-lasting arthralgia. It is only known to circulate in tropical South America.[1]
Epidemiology:
The virus’s transmission cycle in the wild is similar to the continuous sylvatic cycle ofyellow fever and is believed to involve wild primates (monkeys) as the reservoir and the tree-canopy-dwelling Haemagogus species mosquito as the vector. Human infections are strongly associated with exposure to humid tropical forest environments. Chikungunyavirus is closely related, producing a nearly indistinguishable, highly debilitating arthralgic disease. On February 19, 2011, a Portuguese-language news source reported on a recent survey which revealed Mayaro virus activity in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. The survey studied blood samples from 600 residents of Manaus who had experienced a high fever; Mayaro virus was identified in 33 cases. Four of the cases experienced mild hemorrhagic (bleeding) symptoms, which had not previously been described in Mayaro virus disease. The report stated that this outbreak is the first detected in a metropolitan setting, and expressed concern that the disease might be adapting to urban species of mosquito vectors, which would make it a risk for spreading within the country. A study published in October 2011 demonstrated that Aedes aegypti can transmit MAYV, supporting the possibility of wider transmission of Mayaro virus disease in an urban setting.
Since the Mayaro virus was discovered in 1954 in Trinidad and Tobago, one thousand cases of the disease were recorded.
A study reported that 33 cases of Mayaro fever occurred between 2007 and 2008 in Manaus (Amazonas state, Brazil) and that this number could represent just the tip of the iceberg.
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